Genius Hour: Core Testing Results
I got my model to
work and I was able to set up all of my cores. I have a ferrite core, a
laminated core, an iron core, and an air core, all of which service a different
purpose. The goal of the cores that I am testing is to see which core works
best with a brushless motor-generator, which has no contact. This is why I
predict that the material with the lowest electrical conductivity and the
highest magnetic permeability will do the best.
The first core I am
testing is the ferrite core. Ferrite is a metal alloy, composed of different
elements such as iron oxides, nickel, zinc, and manganese, and is commonly used
in wiring due to its noted success in reducing Eddy Currents. I hypothesized that
this core would perform the best out of the four cores because it was
specifically designed to reduce the amount of losses in wiring in order to
conserve electricity, and I predicted that this feature would also work well
with my project.
The second core I am
testing is a laminated core. A laminated core sounds fancy, but is simply just
a conductive material that is separated by thin pieces of a non-conductive
material. For my laminated core, I used coated paper clips to form the core, as
the inside has small pieces of iron and is separated by thin layers of rubber.
The separation of the conductive material is a proven method in reducing Eddy
Currents, but I did not think the less-efficient iron in the core would be able
to match the makeup of ferrite.
The last two cores I
tested were an iron core and an air core. The iron core is simply a core of
solid iron, which was supposed to represent a conductive material with a lot of
Eddy Currents that cause inefficiency. The other core I tested was an air core,
which is a core of non-conductive material, and I was hoping to compare the
efficiencies of the iron core to the air core because even though the magnetic
field of the air core was much weaker than even the iron core, since the air
core was not conductive, the core would have no deficiencies from Eddy
Currents.
As far as my results
go, the ferrite core, by a great margin, performed the best out of the four
cores. However, one thing that I found very interesting was that the iron core
actually outperformed the laminated core. One reason that I can think of for this
is that the rubber on the paperclips was possibly too thick, and so even though
the diameter of the cores were the same, the excess rubber meant that there as
a lot less conductive material in the laminated core. Even though the laminated
core had less Eddy Currents reducing its efficiency, it just could not produce
a strong enough magnetic field to compare with the less efficient yet stronger
magnetic field that the iron core possessed. Another thing that I found was the
air core performed the worst, which was predicted, but also the air core also
could not reach a velocity higher than 2000 RPM, while all of the others could
reach from 3000 to 5000 RPM.
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